Utilización del grano entero de avena como fuente de fibra en raciones para terneros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.25.372Palabras clave:
vacuno, crecimiento, fibra efectiva, digestión, eficiencia de conversiónResumen
Se realizaron dos experimentos con el objetivo de estudiar el valor del grano entero de avena (GEA) como fuente de fibra físicamente efectiva (peFDN) en raciones para terneros. En el experimento 1, 24 terneros Hereford (177±18 kg) fueron sorteados a ocho grupos y estos a una de cuatro raciones (79 % concentrado), definidas por niveles crecientes de sustitución de heno de moha (HM) por GEA: 0:21, 7:14, 14:7, 21:0 % base materia seca (MS) GEA:HM, respectivamente. Niveles crecientes de GEA resultaron en una respuesta cuadrática de peFDN (P= 0,04) ubicándose por encima del 15 %. El consumo aumentó en forma cuadrática (P= 0,03) y la digestibilidad linealmente (P= 0,03). Como resultado, a mayor GEA la eficiencia de conversión tendió a mejorar (P= 0,08). En el Experimento 2, cuatro novillos provistos de cánula ruminal se asignaron en un diseño crossover a dos raciones (65 % concentrado), difiriendo en la fuente de peFDN: 35 % hm o 35 % GEA, con el objetivo de estudiar sus características fermentativas. La sustitución de HM por GEA redujo el pH medio del rumen (5,9 vs. 6,3, P <0,01) variando entre 6,1 y 5,8, permaneciendo las 24 h por debajo de los valores registrados para hm. No se afectó la fracción de la ms potencialmente degradable en rumen, pero aumentó la tasa de fermentación para GEA (35,0 vs. 9,0 %/h; P= 0,02), y la degradabilidad efectiva (58,3 vs. 65,4 %; P= 0,048). Los resultados de ambos experimentos sugieren que es viable el uso del GEA como fuente de peFDN en raciones concentradas.
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