Produtividade hídrica em relação ao sistema de plantio em plantas jovens de tangerineira Nadorcott
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.27.1188Palavras-chave:
cítricos, mulching, produtividade hídrica, sistema de plantioResumo
A citricultura no Uruguai tem como objetivo imediato aumentar o rendimento, a qualidade, melhorando a sustentabilidade e a eficiência dos recursos naturais. Atualmente não é possível conceber um sistema eficiente de produção de citros sem o uso de tecnologias de irrigação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi incorporar o conceito de produtividade hídrica na comparação de diferentes sistemas de plantio com foco na aceleração da produção. Para isso, foi instalado um experimento em tangerineira Nadorcott com duas densidades de plantio (909 e 1220 pl. ha-1) e três desenhos de plantio: camalhões cobertos com lona plástica branca; camalhões descobertos e plantação plana ao nível do solo. Ao final do período de avaliação, o volume de árvores plantadas em camalhões cobertas dobrou em relação às plantadas planas (1 m3). As árvores no sistema plano produziram consistentemente menos frutos e rendimentos mais baixos do que as plantas nos cumes. O delineamento de plantio em camalhões cobertos apresentou o melhor desempenho. O teor de água no solo permanece u mais alto e a temperatura do solo mais baixa nas camalhões cobertas. Em geral, as árvores plantadas em camalhões com ou sem cobertura plástica permitiram maior produtividade no uso da água e menor temperatura do solo, criando melhores condições para o crescimento das árvores.
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