Identificación y caracterización de péptidos antimicrobianos en el transcriptoma de Feijoa sellowiana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.29.1556Palabras clave:
AMPs, guayabo del país, validación génica, transcriptoma de novo, defensinasResumen
Los péptidos antimicrobianos (AMPs) son polipéptidos pequeños, presentes en una gran diversidad de organismos alejados filogenéticamente, incluidas las plantas. Forman parte de la respuesta inmune innata, permitiendo una acción rápida a menor costo energético que el sistema inmune adaptativo. Se han demostrado diversas aplicaciones de estos péptidos como agentes antiinfecciosos. A pesar de su importante potencial, la bioprospección de AMPs en la flora nativa de Uruguay es aún incipiente. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y caracterizar genes que codifican seis familias de péptidos antimicrobianos que comprenden: defensinas, esnaquinas, tioninas, hevein-like, proteínas de transferencia de lípidos (lipid transfer proteins [LTPs]) y ciclótidos, en la especie frutal nativa Feijoa sellowiana (Myrtaceae), comúnmente llamada guayabo del país. La búsqueda se realizó mediante BLAST, a partir de un transcriptoma de novo de hoja y flor y utilizando secuencias de referencia. Las relaciones entre F. sellowiana y secuencias de proteínas de referencia se caracterizaron mediante alineamientos múltiples y análisis filogenético. La estructura exón-intrón y las isoformas de los AMP de F. sellowiana se analizaron mediante amplificación por PCR en ADN genómico. Este estudio identificó 23 defensinas, 49 esnaquinas, 7 tioninas, 12 hevein-like y 87 LTPs, no encontrándose evidencia de transcriptos de ciclótidos. La estructura exón-intrón esperada se confirmó para cinco secuencias, pertenecientes a familias de defensinas, esnaquinas y hevein-like.
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